Carl Jung
Carl Jung was a Swiss psychiatrist and psychoanalyst who founded the analytical psychology. He is one of the most influential of the psychologists of the twentieth century.
Early Life and Education
Jung was born in 1875 in Kesswil in Switzerland. His father was a pastor and the family was of the religious background.
He studied medicine at the University of Basel. He worked at the Burghölzli psychiatric hospital in Zurich.
He was influenced by the work of Sigmund Freud. He met Freud in 1907 and became his leading disciple.
The Analytical Psychology
Jung developed the theory of the collective unconscious. The theory holds that the unconscious contains the universal memories and the images shared by all the humans.
He developed the concept of the archetypes. The archetypes are the universal images and the patterns of the thought that appear in the myths and the dreams.
He developed the theory of the psychological types. The theory distinguishes the introverts and the extroverts and the four functions of the mind.
He broke with Freud in 1913 over the differences on the theory and the practice. He developed his own school of the analytical psychology.
The Later Work
Jung developed the concept of the individuation. The process is the integration of the conscious and the unconscious parts of the personality.
He studied the alchemy and the religion and the Eastern philosophy. He argued for the importance of the spiritual dimension of the life.
He wrote the books on the psychology and the culture. The works include Psychological Types and The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious.
He was interested in the synchronicity and the meaningful coincidences. The concept was developed with the physicist Wolfgang Pauli.
The Legacy
Jung died in 1961 in Küsnacht in Switzerland. He was one of the most influential of the psychologists of the century.
His work has influenced the psychology and the psychiatry and the culture. The concepts of the archetype and the introversion have entered the common language.
The C. G. Jung Institute in Zurich continues the training and the research. The institutions are named in his honour.
He is regarded as the founder of the analytical psychology. His work continues to be studied and debated.
The Collective Unconscious
Jung developed the theory of the collective unconscious. The theory holds that the unconscious contains the universal memories.
He developed the concept of the archetypes. The archetypes are the universal images and the patterns.
The concepts became the foundation of the analytical psychology.
The Psychological Types
Jung developed the theory of the psychological types. The theory distinguishes the introverts and the extroverts.
He described the four functions of the mind. The functions are the thinking and the feeling and the sensation and the intuition.
The theory influenced the development of the personality testing.
The Break with Freud
Jung met Freud in 1907 and became his leading disciple. He broke with Freud in 1913.
The differences concerned the theory of the libido and the role of the religion. Jung developed his own school.
The break was a personal and a professional crisis.
The Later Work
Jung developed the concept of the individuation. The process is the integration of the personality.
He studied the alchemy and the religion and the Eastern philosophy. He argued for the spiritual dimension of the life.
He developed the concept of the synchronicity with the physicist Wolfgang Pauli.
The Career
Jung worked at the Burghölzli psychiatric hospital in Zurich. He taught at the University of Zurich.
He established the C. G. Jung Institute in Zurich. The institute continues the training and the research.
He was one of the most influential of the psychologists.
The Legacy
Jung died in 1961 in Küsnacht in Switzerland. His work has influenced the psychology and the culture.
The concepts of the archetype and the introversion have entered the common language. The institutions are named in his honour.
He is regarded as the founder of the analytical psychology.
The Personal Life
Jung married Emma Rauschenbach in 1903 and the couple had five children. The marriage lasted until her death in 1955.
He built the tower at Bollingen on the shore of Lake Zurich. The tower was his retreat and the symbol of his inner life.
He died in 1961 in Küsnacht and was remembered as the founder of the analytical psychology.
The Influence
Jung was one of the most influential of the psychologists. The concepts of the archetype and the introversion have entered the common language.
The analytical psychology has influenced the culture and the arts. The institutions continue the training and the research.
The debate over his legacy continues.
See also
- Analytical psychology
- Archetype
- Collective unconscious
- Individuation
References
- ↑ Jung, Carl. Psychological Types. London: Routledge, 1923.
- ↑ Jung, Carl. Memories, Dreams, Reflections. New York: Pantheon, 1963.
- ↑ Jung, Carl. The Archetypes and the Collective Unconscious. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1959.
- ↑ Bair, Deirdre. Jung: A Biography. Boston: Little, Brown, 2003.