https://www.veritaswiki.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=AkbarAkbar - Revision history2026-10-19T22:00:10ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.45.3https://www.veritaswiki.org/index.php?title=Akbar&diff=807&oldid=prevHuhu: New encyclopedia entry (batch upload)2026-10-06T07:00:38Z<p>New encyclopedia entry (batch upload)</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>'''Akbar''' was the third Mughal emperor of India and is regarded as one of the greatest rulers in Indian history. He expanded the empire and promoted the religious tolerance and the cultural synthesis.<br />
<br />
== Early Life and Education ==<br />
Akbar was born in 1542 in the fort of Umarkot in Sindh. His father was the emperor Humayun and his mother was of the Persian descent.<br />
<br />
He spent his childhood in the exile in Persia and the Afghanistan. He was illiterate but was educated in the customs and the languages of the court.<br />
<br />
He succeeded his father in 1556 at the age of thirteen. The regent Bairam Khan helped him to defeat the rivals and to consolidate the power.<br />
<br />
== The Expansion of the Empire ==<br />
Akbar expanded the Mughal Empire to cover the whole of northern and central India. He conquered the Rajput kingdoms and the sultanates of the Deccan.<br />
<br />
He formed the alliances with the Rajput chiefs through the marriages and the military service. The Rajputs became an important part of the imperial army.<br />
<br />
He built the new capital of Fatehpur Sikri near Agra. The city is a masterpiece of the Mughal architecture.<br />
<br />
He established the efficient system of the administration and the revenue. The system became a model for the later Mughal rulers.<br />
<br />
== The Religious Policy and the Culture ==<br />
Akbar promoted the religious tolerance and the dialogue among the faiths. He married the Hindu princesses and allowed the Hindu customs at the court.<br />
<br />
He founded the Ibadat Khana, the house of the worship, for the debates among the religions. The debates were attended by the Muslims, the Hindus, the Christians, and the others.<br />
<br />
He abolished the tax on the non-Muslims and the pilgrimage tax. He sought to create a new religion called the Din-i-Ilahi.<br />
<br />
He promoted the arts and the literature and the translation of the Sanskrit texts. The Persian and the Indian cultures were blended at his court.<br />
<br />
== The Later Years and the Legacy ==<br />
Akbar fell ill and died in 1605 in Agra. He was succeeded by his son Jahangir.<br />
<br />
He is regarded as one of the greatest of the Mughal emperors. The empire reached its height of the power and the prosperity under his rule.<br />
<br />
The policy of the religious tolerance was reversed by his great-grandson Aurangzeb. The change contributed to the decline of the empire.<br />
<br />
He is commemorated by the monuments and the institutions that bear his name. The debate over the meaning of his rule continues.<br />
<br />
== The Administration and the Reforms ==<br />
Akbar established the efficient system of the administration. He divided the empire into the provinces with the governors.<br />
<br />
He reformed the system of the revenue collection known as the mansabdari. The system organised the military and the civil service.<br />
<br />
He promoted the trade and the agriculture and the industry. The prosperity of the empire increased under his rule.<br />
<br />
== The Culture and the Arts ==<br />
Akbar promoted the arts and the literature and the architecture. He built the capital of Fatehpur Sikri and the forts and the gardens.<br />
<br />
He patronised the painters and the musicians of the court. The Mughal school of the painting reached its height under his rule.<br />
<br />
He sponsored the translation of the Sanskrit texts into the Persian. The epic of the Mahabharata and the Ramayana were translated.<br />
<br />
== The Revenue and the Mansabdari ==<br />
Akbar reformed the system of the revenue collection. He appointed Raja Todar Mal to survey the land and to fix the assessment.<br />
<br />
The system of the mansabdari organised the military and the civil service. The officers were graded and paid according to their rank.<br />
<br />
The reforms increased the revenue and the efficiency of the administration. The system became the model for the later Mughal rulers.<br />
<br />
== The Diplomatic Relations ==<br />
Akbar established the diplomatic relations with the neighbouring powers. He exchanged the embassies with the Portuguese and the English.<br />
<br />
He received the Jesuit missionaries at his court. They debated the religion with the Muslim and the Hindu scholars.<br />
<br />
He maintained the relations with the Rajput states through the marriages. The alliances strengthened the empire and the army.<br />
<br />
== The Death and the Succession ==<br />
Akbar fell ill in 1605 and died in Agra. He was succeeded by his son Jahangir.<br />
<br />
He was buried in the mausoleum at Sikandra near Agra. The tomb is a masterpiece of the Mughal architecture.<br />
<br />
He is regarded as one of the greatest of the Mughal emperors. He promoted the religious tolerance and the cultural synthesis.<br />
<br />
== The Architectural Patronage ==<br />
Akbar built the capital of Fatehpur Sikri near Agra. The city is a masterpiece of the Mughal architecture.<br />
<br />
He built the forts and the palaces and the gardens. He renovated the fort of Agra and the other strongholds.<br />
<br />
The architecture of the period blends the Persian and the Indian styles. The buildings are the testament to the wealth and the taste of the empire.<br />
<br />
== See also ==<br />
* Mughal Empire<br />
* Fatehpur Sikri<br />
* Din-i-Ilahi<br />
* Religious tolerance<br />
<br />
== References ==<br />
<br />
<ref name="r1">Richards, John F. The Mughal Empire. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993.</ref><br />
<ref name="r2">Beveridge, Henry. Akbarnama. Calcutta: Asiatic Society, 1897.</ref><br />
<ref name="r3">Eraly, Abraham. Emperors of the Peacock Throne. New Delhi: Penguin, 2000.</ref><br />
<ref name="r4">Chandra, Satish. Medieval India: From Sultanat to the Mughals. New Delhi: Har-Anand, 2005.</ref><br />
<br />
<references /><br />
<br />
[[Category:History]]<br />
[[Category:Politics]]<br />
[[Category:India]]</div>Huhu